3 Elul

September 3, 1189- The day that King Richard was crowned, Christian mobs converged on the Jews. Richard had forbidden the Jews to make an appearance at his coronation, but some Jewish leaders showed up to present gifts to the new king. Richard's courtiers flogged them, then flung the Jews out of court.

The people of London joined in the persecution of the Jews, and a massacre began. Many Jews were beaten to death. Others were robbed and then burned alive. At least one was forcibly baptized. Some sought sanctuary in the Tower of London, and others managed to escape, although half-dead.

August 17, 1787-  Budapest allowed its Jews to conduct religious services in private homes, provided no rabbi was present.

August 16, 1942-  The Nazis, along with Ukrainian collaborators, killed 2,000 Jews in Pohost, Ukraine.