30 Av

c 1476 BCE- Moses ascended Mt Sinai taking with him the stone tablets he had hewn. Moses remained on the mountain for 40 days until the 10th of Tishrei (Yom Kippur), during which time he obtained G-d's forgiveness for Israel's sin of the golden calf. Since then, the month of Elul is considered a time of compassion and forgiveness.  (Exodus 32:30-35)

c 1436 BCE- The 30-day period of mourning for Aaron the High Priest (brother of Moses) came to an end.  (Numbers 20:29)

1391- A mob attacked the Jews in Majorca, Spain, killing three hundred, while others converted to Christianity in order to save themselves.

1492- 252 ships carrying Jews fleeing the inquisition arrived in Naples, Italy, where they found a haven.