5 Elul

574 BCE- Ezekiel the prophet received a prophecy including the passage, "And I will remove your heart of stone..."  (Ezekiel 36:26)

August 31, 1919- After the Ukrainian National Army recaptured Kiev, Ukraine, it summoned 35 members of the Jewish Self Defense Unit to appear. The Jews were disarmed, marched out of town and murdered.

September 1, 1938- The Jews of Italy were stripped of their civil rights by Mussolini.